In answer to the question “What types of financial innovations can stimulate private and public investments in projects that contribute to more sustainable landscapes, yet are also inclusive of the rural poor?”, the CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA), Tropenbos International (TBI) and the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) have undertaken three complementary research activities: (1) a systematic review of relevant literature; (2) case study analyses of innovative finance deployment and the resultant landscape-level impacts; and (3) key informant interviews with experts from a wide range of stakeholder groups, ranging from financial service providers to finance beneficiaries and enablers, all involved in international financial flows.